Meningitis B Vaccine UK
Meningitis B is a bacterial infection that leads to inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. The risk of contracting this infection while travelling is generally low but can increase in crowded or enclosed settings
What is the Meningitis B vaccine?
The Meningitis B vaccine is designed to protect against invasive meningococcal disease caused by the bacterium Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B. This vaccine helps to prevent meningitis B, a serious infection that affects the brain and spinal cord.
Symptoms of Meningitis B
Meningitis B can present with a range of symptoms, from common to critical. Here’s a breakdown:
Common Symptoms:
Fever
Headache
Stiff neck
Nausea and Vomiting
Sensitivity to Light
Rash
Critical Symptoms:
Seizures
Altered Mental Status
Rapid Breathing
Extreme Sensitivity to Light
Unresponsiveness
Bulging Fontanelle in Infants
Immediate medical attention is required if any critical symptoms are observed, as meningitis B can progress rapidly and lead to serious complications.
How Meningitis B is Contracted?
Meningitis B is contracted through the exchange of respiratory and throat secretions, such as saliva. The bacteria *Neisseria meningitides* serogroup B, which causes meningitis B, spreads in the following ways:
Transmission is more likely in settings where people are in close proximity, such as households, dormitories, or crowded public spaces.
Coughing, sneezing, or kissing can spread the bacteria through droplets that are inhaled or come into contact with the mouth or nose.
Although less common, the bacteria can spread through sharing utensils, drinks, or other items that come into contact with the mouth.
Some individuals can carry the bacteria in their throat or nasal passages without showing symptoms, potentially spreading it to others.
It is important to note that while meningitis B is contagious, it is not as easily spread as some other infections like the common cold or flu.
Specific areas or regions known for a higher risk of meningitis B include:
- Sub-Saharan Africa: Countries like Niger, Nigeria, and Burkina Faso have higher incidences of meningococcal disease, including meningitis B, particularly during outbreaks.
- Parts of South America: Countries such as Brazil and Argentina have reported cases of meningococcal disease.
- Certain Regions in Europe: Although less common, outbreaks can occur in densely populated areas or in settings with close contact, such as schools or military barracks.
- Asia:Some areas in Asia may experience higher rates of meningococcal disease, including meningitis B, particularly in densely populated urban areas or during outbreaks.
These areas are noted for higher risks due to factors such as population density, the presence of ongoing outbreaks, or specific local conditions.
Next Day Appointments are Available
Unsure which type of service you require?
If you feel confused regarding which travel vaccine you require for your holiday, you can book an appointment at the The Care Pharmacy Travel Clinic Leeds.
How to get vaccinated?
Book an appointment & pay online
Fill an online form and select a time slot to save time at your appointment.
Get Your First Dose
Get a free consultation in our clinic, discuss your course options with our healthcare experts and receive your first vaccination.
Follow-up Dose(s)
You’ll get to know about followup doses during your first appointment.
FAQs
In the UK, the incidence of meningococcal B infections is lower compared to some other regions. Annual cases typically number around 1,000 to 1,500, with the highest rates observed in infants and young children. The introduction of the MenB vaccine has significantly reduced the incidence of the disease. The vaccine programme, which targets infants and teenagers, has been effective in lowering the number of cases and preventing severe outcomes.
Meningococcal B vaccines are advised for individuals aged 10 and older who are at higher risk for serogroup B meningococcal disease, including:
- Those affected by an outbreak of serogroup B meningococcal disease.
- Individuals with a damaged or removed spleen, such as those with sickle cell disease.
After completing the two dose series of the Meningitis B vaccine, protection is expected to last for 25 years. A booster is generally not required unless you are at ongoing risk.
The doctor assesses bacterial meningitis by examining the levels of white cells, protein, and glucose in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). In bacterial meningitis, the white cell count is significantly higher and typically consists of different types of white cells compared to viral meningitis. Additionally, the protein levels are much higher, while the glucose levels are markedly lower in bacterial meningitis compared to viral meningitis.
A definitive diagnosis of meningitis is made through a spinal tap to obtain cerebrospinal fluid. In individuals with meningitis, this fluid typically reveals low glucose levels, elevated white blood cell count, and increased protein. Analysis of the cerebrospinal fluid can also aid in identifying the specific bacterium responsible for the infection.
Meningococcal disease can affect anyone, but adolescents and young adults aged 16 to 23 are at an increased risk.
Meningitis can be caused by various bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. Most of these infections are transmissible from person to person. However, a small number of cases result from injuries, cancers, or the effects of certain medications. Bacterial meningitis is particularly dangerous and can be fatal within 24 hours if not promptly treated.
Meningitis is a rare condition that can rapidly become life-threatening. However, with prompt treatment, there is a high likelihood of a full recovery. If you experience symptoms of meningitis, it is crucial to seek medical attention immediately.
To ease the symptoms of Meningitis B and prevent spreading the infection, you should:
Do:
- Seek Immediate Medical Attention: If you experience symptoms of meningitis, such as severe headache, stiff neck, fever, or sensitivity to light, seek medical help without delay.
- Follow Treatment Protocols: Adhere to the prescribed treatment plan, which may include antibiotics or antiviral medications, as directed by your healthcare provider.
- Stay Hydrated: Ensure adequate fluid intake to support overall health and recovery.
- Rest: Get plenty of rest to help your body recover and manage the symptoms effectively.
- Monitor Symptoms: Keep track of your symptoms and inform your healthcare provider of any changes or worsening conditions.
- Practice Good Hygiene: To prevent the spread of infections, practice good hygiene, including regular handwashing and avoiding close contact with others if you are contagious.
- Educate Yourself and Others: Learn about meningitis and its prevention to protect yourself and others from potential infection.
Don’t:
- Do not delay seeking medical care or self-medicate.
- Avoid ignoring symptoms and close contact if contagious.
- Attend all follow-up appointments and avoid unverified treatments.
No matter your destination, the Care Pharmacy Travel Clinic in Leeds and Bradford is committed to ensuring your safety and protection throughout your journey.
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